Arresta i droni FPV per proteggere i video tramite video digitale COFDM

Come proteggere il video in tempo reale dei droni dalle interferenze? Ecco un articolo relativo su come fermare i droni FPV per proteggere i video, riteniamo che sia consigliato il trasmettitore e ricevitore video wireless digitale COFDM.

Traduci notizie da https://focus.ua/digital/673099-shtory-protiv-fpv-dronov-kak-rabotaet-novaya-reb-rossii.

Cieco e cadente: Come “REB-tende” fermare i droni kamikaze ucraini e c'è protezione (video)

La soppressione dei canali video dei droni FPV delle unità ucraine è diventata un fenomeno frequente sul campo di battaglia. Gli esperti dicono che è possibile opporsi.

Le truppe russe ora utilizzano in modo abbastanza efficace apparecchiature di guerra elettronica che interferiscono con la trasmissione di video dai droni d’attacco FPV. Messa a fuoco scoperto come funziona, che danno arreca alle forze di difesa dell'Ucraina, e come proteggersi.

IL “occhi” dei droni erano chiusi: una nuova minaccia sul fronte

Consulente militare Serhiy Beskrestnov, con lo pseudonimo “Flash”, ha scritto su Facebook alla fine di settembre che molti piloti ucraini di droni FPV sono ostacolati dai russi’ Dispositivi EW, che influenzano il segnale video. La gente li ha soprannominati “tende” – dopo la forma dell'ostacolo che appare sugli schermi. Di conseguenza, gli operatori non possono controllare l'aereo perché non possono vedere dove stanno volando.

I caccia russi intercettano prima il video di un drone FPV sconosciuto a una certa frequenza, determinare che è ostile – con il nome dell'unità, che è scritto nel menu OSD, o dall'aumento della potenza del segnale, dopodiché stimano la carica della batteria e il tempo durante il quale il disturbo dovrebbe essere attivato.

“This is especially a problem for repeaters. They hang high, see far, and even 20-30 km away, their video receiver can be an obstacle. There would be power. So far, many are getting away with changing and selecting frequencies, but this solution is banal, painful, and temporary,” – writes “Flash”.

Come “tende” lavoro: pro e contro

An engineer of the “Sky of Victory” progetto, which produces “Grim” FPV drones for the Ukrainian army, expressed his opinion about the obstacles to Focus anonymously. According to him, “Curtain”-type devices affect only the video channel, throwing off the synchronization between the video transmitter on the drone and the pilot’s video receiver. As a result of the action of the system, after losing the image from the drone, the pilot cannot navigate in space and continue the flight, in such conditions, the copter simply falls.

“It is designed specifically to combat FPV drones,” the specialist noted.

Serhii Gerasimyuk, the founder of Antidron Ukraine, a company that produces EW devices, explained to Focus in more detail how it works. It is impossible to suppress the analog video signal affecting the FPV drone because it has a Video Transmitter (VTX), questo è, a transmitter, but there is no receiver in the same range, so it does not “listen” to anything.

Suppressing video in the case of FPV drones is only possible by creating radio interference to the pilot’s receiver. It is impossible to do this with a dome because the operators are never 50-200 meters away from the working EW devices.

“On the market, there are a lot of offers of EW-domes with video suppression. But this speaks of only one thing – about the expertise of the manufacturer, or rather, its complete absence,” the developer noted.

To suppress the video of an FPV drone, a powerful complex with an antenna directed toward the enemy “nest” of pilots is required. To do this, you need to know the azimuth, questo è, the direction where to point it. It can be installed only with the help of technical means of radio electronic intelligence (ER), both specialized and cheap “video receivers” with auto-search for the desired range, which can be found on Aliexpress.

The operator of such equipment intercepts the “picture” and must visually determine the terrain, as well as the approximate location of enemy pilots. Then the antenna is directed and interference is created at the same frequencies as the video signal.

“This is not a dome where you “turned on and forgot”. An effective countermeasure of this type is already a certain complex, algorithm of actions. And only timely, consecutive actions allow you to achieve a positive result. That is, it is at least a two-person calculation with everything necessary for timely interception video, determination of the direction, the presence of a directed “jammer” on that range, operational guidance, and setting obstacles. And all this must be done before the FPV arrives at the target it was flying to,” stressed Serhiy Gerasimyuk.

Even with everything in place for success, EW operators may lack the time or reaction to determine direction and direct their devices. But despite all the difficulties, the algorithm has a certain percentage of efficiency. In addition to the usual video bands (5.8/1.2 GHz), both sides also use non-standard bands (1.5/3.3/4.9 GHz), for which there are no means of intercepting the video channel, or their choice is quite limited due to their less “popularity”. Everything depends on the availability of all the necessary means, and even in this case, fighters may not know where to direct the available means of countermeasures.

È possibile sfondare il “tenda”

The engineer of “Sky of Victory” says that it is quite possible to counteract the suppression systems of video signals of FPV drones. Such solutions already exist, but the engineer did not go into details, so as not to simplify the life of the enemy and not to give hints on how to bypass the Ukrainian analogs of “tende”.

In the network, experts are discussing replacing the analog video channel with a digital one, and the above-mentioned Sergey Beskrestnov also supports this option. The representative of “Sky of Victory” believes that digital systems will help solve only some highly specialized tasks because they have a number of pros and cons.

“Purtroppo, digital wireless COFDM video transmission system takes a long time to recover after signal loss and does not allow quick response to the situation in flight,” ha detto.